Spelling the sound [ ]

The spelling of a sound may be influenced by several factors:

  •   syllable structure: open or closed
  •   environment
  •   the position of the sound within a word: initial, middle, final
  •   a combination of two or more of the above

Conversely, how letters and letter groupings are pronounced may depend on different
factors:
  •   syllable structure: open or closed
  •   environment
  •   the position of the letter within a word: initial, middle, final
  •   a combination of two or more of the above

How to spell it?

For the sound [ ], spelling is based on environment and position.

The sound [ ] can be represented by the following letters or letter groupings:
  •   "s" in initial position             suite
  •   "ss" between vowels             poisson, passer, lisse
  •   "sc"             descendre
  •   "c" before "e", "i", "y"             cinéma, ceci, cytologie
  •   "ç" before "a", "o", "u"             garçon
  •   "ti" before a vowel             nation, spatial, démocratie
  •   "x"in final position             dix